Top energy saving tips

• If you're not using it, switch it off
• A geyser eats up 39% of all household electricity. Switching it off saves money
• Insulating geysers and water pipes saves money
• Reducing the temperature at the geyser thermostat to 60ºC saves electricity
• Showers use less water than baths.
• Aerated shower heads use less water
• Use compact fluorescent lamps (CFL's) instead of incandescent bulbs.
• Do not leave TV's, DVD players and other appliances in stand-by mode.
• Close fridge doors as quickly as possible when taking out items
• Keep room temperatures between 18ºC and 22ºC
• Wear warm clothes and use hot water bottles instead of using heaters

Calculate your electricity costs

Knowing exactly how much electricity you use is essential if you are going to introduce an effective power saving campaign at home and save money. Your present electricity bill will give you the details on what your tariff is.

Working out what each appliance uses and tracking its impact on your monthly bill is easy. The wattage is usually printed on the back of an appliance or is included in its packaging. The wattage then needs to be multiplied by the number of hours that the appliance is switched on for in the average month. This figure tells you how much electricity the appliance uses in a month.

Subtracting this figure from the total watts used ( in South Africa the average home uses 1 100 kWh a month) tells you what portion of your monthly energy that the appliance uses.

For example:
A 200W appliance used for 60 hours a month. Total electricity use is 200 x 60 = 1 2,000W or 12kWh.
Consideration of the following measures will also contribute towards increased energy efficiency in your home:

Using your geyser efficiently

(In this section an average consumption of 1 200kWh a month is assumed)

The geyser consumes more electricity than most other appliances in the home, accounting for 40% of all power consumed on average. It takes about 160 minutes for an element in a 3kW, 150 litre geyser to heat water from 20 ºC to 65 ºC. At a cost of 35cents per kilowatt, this costs R 2.74.
Connecting this geyser to a four-metre hot water pipe means that heat is lost. The costs can mount rapidly, resulting in costs of about R40.12 in an average month. In effect, the cost of making sure that hot water is constantly "on tap" when it is needed.

By reducing the thermostat setting and dropping the temperature from 70ºC to 60ºC reduces electricity used from 3.821kWh per day to 3.058kWh per day- a saving of R8.01 for a 30-day month. Lowering the temperature from 70°C to 60°C cuts the cost of producing hot water by 4.8%.

By installing additional insulation, you will keep the water temperature higher. For example:

The installation of 50mm of insulation around the geyser and pipes can reduce heat losses by 51.2%, without reducing the thermostat temperature.

This is a saving of R 18.08, or 4.9%, per month. Again, this reduces the cost of supplying hot water (40% of total consumption) to only 12.2%.

Only if a homeowner pays for electricity on a time-of-use tariff, or installs a solar water heater can costs be reduced further. To reduce hot water consumption one can make use of water conserving shower heads, self-closing hot water taps or mixing valves and flow restrictors and aerators in sink taps.

Harnessing the power of the sun

Installing a solar water heater at home can reduce the costs of heating water by up to 70%.
A 150 L solar water heater means that 4.5kWh/day of electricity is not required. Over a year this means that nearly two tons less of carbon dioxide emissions are released into the atmosphere.

Making the change to Compact Fluorescent Lamps

Traditional incandescent globes (light bulbs) should be replaced by compact fluorescent lights or lamps (CFL). These use substantially less electricity and have much longer lives. CFL's only consume 20% of the electricity that an incandescent globe would use. In addition, they also last between 6 and 12 times longer than traditional globes.

For more information on the CFL programmeplease contact your local energy supply company.

Energy saving tips for electric stoves

Taking a few basic steps in the kitchen can significantly reduce the amount of electricity used by electric stoves. Think about:

• Using a pressure cooker when preparing foods that normally take a long time to cook. They speed up the cooking process and save electricity.
• Consider buying a stove with a convection oven.
• Making sure that oven doors stay closed until food is cooked.
• Bring food to the boil on the ''high'' setting, but then turn down to simmer until cooked.
• Keeping stove plates and reflectors clean.
• Only using pots and pans that completely cover stove plates.

Microwave ovens

Microwave ovens are great electricity savers. Using them correctly can add to your electricity savings efforts. Remember that:

• Allowing food to defrost in the refrigerator instead of using the microwave is much more economical.
• Microwave ovens are better suited to cooking small to medium quantities of food
• Large portions of meat should be cooked in a conventional oven.
• Compare cooking times on packaging and use the method that takes the least time and power

Refrigeration tips

Next to the stove, the fridge is the most used appliance in any kitchen. When using the fridge remember to:

• Not open the door unnecessarily.
• Ensure that door seals are intact
• Switch off the fridge when it is empty or you are going on holiday.
• Let hot food cool down before placing it in the refrigerator.
• Defrost the fridge regularly.
• Leave space between items on shelves, this allows cool air to circulate more easily

Staying warm in winter

Heaters are popular when temperatures drop. Unfortunately, while providing warmth they also burn energy at a steady rate. To reduce your winter electricity bills there are several things to bear in mind about heating. Keep in mind that:

• Electric heaters that are controlled by thermostats are more efficient
• Oil filled heaters are safest, and;
• Electric blankets are the cheapest way of staying warm in the bedroom
• Only heat rooms that are occupied
• Dress warmly

Heaters also operate more efficiently in areas where ceilings are insulated and there are no gaps letting cold air into the house.

Facts about dishwashers

Increase electricity savings by using your dishwasher efficiently by:

• Running it only when it is full
• Turning it off before the drying cycle starts and drying dishes manually.
• Connecting the machine to the coldwater supply
• Making sure that all the filters stay clean.

Efficient freezing

Freezers that are iced up use substantially more power, so keeping freezers frost- free will save power and money. Not overstocking your freezer means that cold air circulates easier and less power is required to keep temperatures constant.

Small appliances

Use small appliances such as toasters, electric grills and skillets, slow cookers, electric pots and bottle warmers whenever you can. They use less electricity than a stove. Use an electric kettle to boil water rather than boiling water in a saucepan on the stove.
Do not fill the kettle when you only want enough water for a single cup- only boil the water you need.

Automatic washing machines

It is a fact that front loading washing machines use less water and costs less to operate. Using the warm water setting reduces the energy needed to heat water. Only using the machine to do full loads of washing saves energy.

Tumble dryers

Tumble dryers are great appliances, but consume vast amounts of energy. When shopping for a tumble dryer look for a machine that offers electronic humidity control as they are the most efficient machines. They automatically shut off the drying cycle when clothes are dry.
Using correct temperature settings minimises electricity use, whilst removing excess water before putting clothes into the tumble dryer saves time and power.

Best of all, use sunny days to dry clothes outdoors.

Ironing

Energy efficient ironing means:

• Using a thermostatically-controlled iron that switches itself off when the correct temperature is reached, or;
• Switching an iron off once it has reached the correct temperature and completing the ironing on stored energy.
• Using distilled water in steam irons, and;
• Ironing low temperature fabrics first to reduce warm-up time

Insulation

Placing insulation in the ceiling helps to keep a house warm in winter and cool in summer.